Summary
Through a bill-of-lading use case, the paper presents first evidence for four nascent design principles - digitization, tamper-proof storage, accessibility, and user authentication - that mitigate transactional risk and uncertainty in decentralized environments.
Artifact
A blockchain prototype (bill of lading) for reducing transactional risk and uncertainty in international trade.
Methodology
Design science research; use-case-driven prototype; industry-expert feedback; theory generation.